Praxis II Interdisciplinary Early Childhood Education (5023) Practice Exam

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• What age range corresponds to the second of the three periods of language development?
• What is true about hand-washing hygiene during early childhood?
• An advantage of tactile, visual, and verbal modalities in texture exploration is that
• In Adler's psychoanalytic theory, what is commonly observed about boy siblings of an only girl in a family birth order?
• In early art development, which stage is associated with the initial emergence of a visual schema?
• What should EC educators communicate to diverse families of children they instruct?
• What type of information is recommended to be kept on file to support emergency first aid and medical treatment in EC settings?
• Emergent literacy theory suggests literacy development should be supported by opportunities that emphasize meaningful print experiences rather than isolated drills. Which statement reflects this idea?
• Which statement describes informal assessment in early childhood classrooms?
• Predictive validity refers to what aspect of a test used in EC settings?
• Which substage of the sensorimotor period is described by repeating actions to produce interesting results first in the infant's own body?
• Which statement accurately reflects school readiness among minority and White American children?
• Definition of internal consistency in EC screening instruments?
• Which Erikson psychosocial stage corresponds to ages 2-3 years in early childhood?
• Which stage is associated with the development of the regular plural morphology like 'toys'?
• Which practice best applies knowledge of Piaget's sensorimotor stage in early childhood?
• What is the primary purpose of anecdotal assessments in early childhood education?
• Regarding phonics instruction, which statement is true?
• Which statement best describes the Montessori Method of education?
• What did Vygotsky mean by private speech?
• In Directed Reading Activity (DRA) with basal readers, which action best describes the teacher's role at the outset of a lesson?
• In preschool math instruction, what is true about manipulatives?
• What does the 10:1 Rule mean in early childhood behavior management?
• By two years old, approximately what percent of adult brain size have children reached?
• Which statement about the development of motor vs verbal skills in early childhood is most accurate?
• What is the Directed Reading-Thinking Activity (DR-TA) intended to accomplish?
• Which screening/assessment method yields the most comprehensive information?
• Which is true about teaching preschoolers the visual art element of color?
• Piaget coined the term 'schema' to describe:
• Before reading a story aloud to young children, which actions should the teacher take?
• Which approach best supports using assessment results to plan instruction for groups and individual children in early childhood settings?
• In group conversations between adults and children, what is a noted advantage?
• According to Piaget's theory, the term conservation means which of these?
• Which statement about self-reporting instruments is accurate?
• According to Carl Rogers, a child who relies primarily on external locus of control demonstrates which of the following?
• For a child with a primarily visual learning style, which material would be most effective to help understand abstract concepts and relationships?
• Which statement best reflects how EC educators should involve families in education?
• Piaget's sensorimotor stage includes which outcome?
• Which statement best reflects the Bank Street Curriculum approach to early childhood education?
• What is the recommended procedure if a non-custodial or non-authorized adult tries to pick up a child from an EC program?
• Which statement best describes motor development from infancy to preschool ages?
• Which stage is associated with acquiring irregular past tense forms such as 'went'?
• Which option best explains why understanding the function of a child's behavior is helpful?
• What is a recommended practice for medication administration in EC care settings?
• The concept of object permanence is best characterized as:
• Which of the following is NOT a physiological need according to Maslow, i.e., not base-level?
• What is a fundamental requirement of mandatory reporting laws for early childhood professionals?
• Which is included as a process skill in good early childhood science instruction programs?
• From birth to around two years old, children are in Piaget's _____ stage(s) of cognitive development.
• Which substage involves combining schemas to solve problems and goal-directed behavior?
• Which statement is accurate concerning formal assessment instruments used in early childhood education?
• By what age do typical young children eat most of the same foods as adults?
• The four substages of Piaget's sensorimotor stage include primary circular reactions, secondary circular reactions, coordination of reactions, and tertiary circular reactions. This describes which overall stage?
• Which Erickson's stage applies to toddlers who seek autonomy?
• Which statement accurately reflects Friedrich Froebel's philosophy of early childhood education?
• Which statement best represents an element of the Bank Street Curriculum approach?
• Which statement reflects selecting instruments according to age ranges they cover?
• What is a key way adults can scaffold young children's language during conversations?
• Survey findings about violence among American families by race indicate which order?
• Some instruments focus on only one facet within a domain.
• When a teacher suspects abuse based on injuries and family context, what is the legally appropriate response?
• What is correct about how teachers can support young children's language development when the children tell stories?
• Which of the following instruments screen for developmental delays?
• What is most effective for teaching preschoolers pre-math and manipulative skills?
• Which of the following is most likely to occur when activities use different body postures to express emotions?
• Adult interviews used to gather screening/assessment information about infants and young children: Which statement is true?
• The underlying reason for most behaviors, as described in behavior management, is to get something or to get away from something.
• Basal reader instruction often includes the use of enlarged big books and word/picture cards to support decoding. Which choice best reflects this feature?
• Which statement best reflects research findings on gender differences in early childhood motor development?
• In Brown's Stages of Syntactical and Morphological Development, Stage I corresponds to what age range?
• Which statement accurately reflects principles of emergent literacy theory?
• Giving preschool children an activity using different body postures and movements to portray different emotions can accomplish which of these?
• Which statement about behavior management is most accurate?
• When selecting instruments for a program serving a wide age range, what is reasonable?
• Which action is recommended as a pre-reading step to support vocabulary development?
• In the stages of early art development, which stage marks the beginning of a visual schema?
• What teacher action is most effective for fostering greater depth of preschoolers' comprehension of word meanings?
• What benefit is included with teaching preschoolers about the visual art element of shape?
• In Bowen's Family Projection Process, what describes the effect of parental anxiety on the child?
• According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, ______ & ______ are processes included in the overall process of ______.
• A child who correctly uses irregular past tenses such as went or fell would be in which Brown stage?
• An early childhood application of Freud's psychoanalytic theory of development is to provide which type of objects for babies to mouth?
• What is a key feature of the High/Scope Curriculum?
• Which substage is not part of the sensorimotor stage?
• Regarding infant temperament, which statement is true?
• Which custody-related issue can affect ECE facilities and operations?
• Which design feature supports privacy needs in indoor EC environments?
• What is most appropriate when involving diverse families in children's education?
• Which stage name is used for the initial stage where children begin to show a visual schema in drawings?
• For shared readings with preschoolers, which feature is most useful in children's books?
• Definition of test-retest reliability?
• According to Piaget's theory, in what age range do children begin representing things with symbols?
• From birth to age 2, children typically grow to how many times their newborn weight?
• Which statement best describes the primary use of assessment instruments in EC programs?
• Which statement correctly matches Brown's Stage II feature?
• How can teachers help preschoolers learn to use scientific inquiry and discovery?
• According to Adler's theory, how might the brother's behavior around an only girl be characterized?
• In Erikson's theory, a toddler who frequently shouts 'NO!' would be described as developing...
• In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which needs form the base of the pyramid?
• How much usable play space at a minimum do experts recommend for indoor and outdoor early childhood learning environments?
• In the whole language instructional approach, how are young children's mechanical errors in early literacy learning addressed?
• Which statement reflects an internal locus of control?
• Regarding paper-and-pencil reports for adults to provide screening, what reflects their characteristics?
• Which of these is correct regarding expert guidelines for indoor and outdoor spaces in EC learning environments?
• Which statement best captures Adler's birth order concept as described in the material?
• Which statement is true about using materials from everyday environments for science inquiry?
• What does research indicate about school readiness among American minority children compared with American White children?
• What has research found about the impact of video violence on young children's behavior?
• According to Murray Bowen's Family Systems Theory, what does the Family Projection Process describe?
• The animation of letters and numbers in children's programs appeals to Piaget's Preoperational stage because of their...
• What is the most typical age for children to understand common opposites like big/little, hot/cold, etc.?
• In preschool mental health assessment, what is the proper sequence involving screening and follow-up evaluation?
• A child learns not to be rushed for preschool and then continues waking early because of this; which principle is illustrated according to behaviorist theory?
• For teachers to make informal assessments of pre-K classes, which would apply?
• In Directed Reading Activity (DRA) instructional practice using basal readers, what is a typical teacher action at the start of a lesson?
• According to Alfred Adler's theory about birth order, which applies to only or oldest children?
• In Montessori education, which principle is emphasized?
• When sharing information with diverse families, which content is appropriate?
• Which of the following is NOT one of Bandura's conditions required for learning?
• What is the typical amount of sleep for children aged 2-5 years?
• Which statement is correct about managing typical behaviors in care and educational settings?
• What is an advantage of activities wherein preschoolers explore texture as an element of art?
• Which are included as process skills that good early childhood science instruction programs help to develop?
• Which practice best supports positive interactions among adults in ECE settings?
• When a young child believes his/her thoughts caused something external to happen, which is the most specific Piagetian term to describe this phenomenon?
• According to Roger Brown's (1973) Stage I sentence types, which of these is classified under "Operations of Reference"?
• Which statement is true regarding principles of early childhood behavior management?
• For a toddler with a tantrum due to frustration, which approach is most effective to reduce repeats?
• In Erikson's framework, which stage is associated with the toddler period (roughly ages 2-3)?
• How do Asian and Latin American cultures compare to many Western cultures in terms of interdependence?
• What do Asian and Latin American cultures share regarding social orientation?
• The High/Scope Curriculum identifies 58 key developmental experiences across 10 categories. Which of the following does NOT correctly represent one of the first five categories?
• In indoor EC learning environments, which of the following is most related to providing for children's privacy needs?
• Which is more typical of the language development of a toddler than of a preschooler?
• High content validity in an EC socio-emotional development assessment implies which of the following?
• In preschool mental health assessment, which statement correctly describes the relationship between screening tools and diagnoses?
• Which statement accurately describes physical development in preschoolers?
• Which statement best describes the whole language approach to early childhood literacy instruction?
• Which of the following most accurately describes aspects of early childhood social development?
• Regarding early childhood reading instruction using basal readers, what is the benefit of teaching from smaller to larger skills?
• Stage I in Brown's model corresponds to which age range?
• Which approach is most effective for involving families in education across diverse backgrounds?
• What is a benefit of the Language Experience Approach (LEA) for young children?
• According to the National Reading Panel, which set of components is essential in an effective early reading program?
• Which statement is true about Engelmann's contributions to early childhood education?
• The Language Experience Approach (LEA) commonly uses which method to connect oral language to print?
• Which statement about the thinking demands of DRA and DR-TA is most accurate?
• Which language behavior is typical of a two-year-old?
• In rooms for implementing curricular activities for toddlers and preschoolers, which of these should be provided in different areas and for each age group?
• In comparing DRA and DR-TA, which statement best captures the thinking demands of the two approaches?
• Which statement best contrasts DRA and DR-TA as reading instruction methods using basal readers?
• Which statement best reflects guidelines for spaces in EC learning environments?
• What does research show about gender differences in preschool motor development?
• Which of the following reflects an adult expectation that is developmentally appropriate for a six-year-old?
• Which statement accurately reflects confidentiality and record-keeping in ECE settings?
• Which statement about ethnically diverse populations is accurate?
• A toddler sees a large brown dog and says, 'Moo!' This is an example of:
• Of the following, which is true about providing affective learning experiences for preschoolers?
• Which age range is typically associated with understanding common opposites such as big and little?
• Which of the following is/are a substage(s) of Piaget's sensorimotor cognitive developmental stage?
• Which preschool activity is good for teaching scientific inquiry discovery?
• Of the following, which is correct about considerations in arranging indoor learning environments to fit with curriculum planning for toddlers and preschoolers?
• In a print awareness assessment using a storybook, what is a recommended teacher activity?
• Which of the following processes occurs earliest in children?
• Which statement is correct about 1:1 vs. group conversations between adults and young children?
• Which statement is true about physical and motor development in preschoolers?
• Which type of assessment yields the most comprehensive information for determining EC diagnoses and developing individualized plans?
• For a child who learns best visually, which approach would most effectively support understanding of abstract concepts?
• Which approach best aligns with effective behavior management in early childhood?
• What can preschool children learn from lessons about the visual art element of line?
• If a child says 'My toys', which Brown stage is this typical of?
• Which statement correctly reflects Adler's birth order theory's influence on personality development?
• Which sequence best describes relative violence levels among African-American, Latino, and White families according to survey findings?
• Piaget described adaptation as comprising assimilation, accommodation, and adaption. Which option lists all three components?
• To promote developing abstract thinking during and after shared readings with younger children, which technique is best?
• Which element should be included in the facility's policy for pickup and custody?
• Which practice supports decoding in the basal reader approach?
• Reliability is measured by which statement?
• What is a potential drawback of using adult interviews for screening?
• Which fact about brain development is commonly cited for two-year-olds?